White Papers

White Paper synopsis

Crevice Corrosion

Vigorous testing of various alloys revealed the extent of crevice corrosion in different metals. This white paper looks at the results of this extensive testing.

Designing Submarines for Through-life Performance

An in-depth look at the research and development behind CNC-1® and how it has affected the life-span and capabilities of modern submarines.

Galvanic Corrosion

Discover the science and history behind galvanic corrosion in this white paper, including how it was first discovered and why it is such and important consideration for naval forces around the world.

Hydrogen Embrittlement

This white paper looks at the causes behind hydrogen embrittlement and what can be done to ensure it doesn’t affect alloys in critical applications.

Wrought Copper Nickel Chromium

Explore the history and development of wrought copper nickel chromium (CNC) and why this corrosion-resistant alloy is so important to modern marine engineering.