When selecting the right metal for advanced engineering or extreme manufacturing applications, precision and strength are key factors to consider. Amongst the high-precision alloy metals available, T1000S and T1000E stand out as two exceptional cupro nickel alloys that can be utilised by the aerospace, automotive, and marine industries.
While both materials share a reputation for extreme mechanical strength, durability, and anti-galling properties, they are tailored for distinct purposes and exhibit unique properties.
T1000 is a copper-nickel alloy commonly used in marine applications. This family of cupro-nickel alloys are known for their excellent corrosion resistance, extreme mechanical strength, and anti-biofouling properties.
The primary strengthening mechanism of T1000 relies on the precipitation of an exceptionally fine nickel-aluminium Ni3Al phase. Through this method, industry-leading properties can be achieved in this high-performance alloy.
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Although T1000S and T1000E are composed and manufactured in similar ways, their respective properties make them suited for different applications.
| Property |
T1000S (25-50mm) |
T1000E (Below 40mm) |
| Ultimate Tensile Strength |
880 |
1,000 |
| Hardness Brinell |
255 |
280 |
| Typical Impact J |
10-16 |
5-15 |
| 0.2% Proof Stress |
720 |
940 |
The nominal composition of T1000 is CuNi14Al2. The composition weight percentage requirements are:
| Cu |
Ni |
Al |
Fe |
Mn |
Zn |
Si |
Total Others |
| Remainder |
13-16% |
2-3% |
1.5% max |
1% max |
0.3% max |
0.1% max |
0.5% max |
Below are the typical physical properties for a cupro-nickel alloy such as T1000S:
| Property |
Value |
| Melting point |
1,070-1,120°C |
| Density |
8,500 kg/m³ |
| Specific heat |
0.416 J/(g.°K) |
| Thermal conductivity @ 20°C |
71.2 W/(m.°K) |
| Electrical conductivity %IACS at 20°C |
11 |
T1000 cupro-nickel is a marine alloy commonly used in shipbuilding and naval defence applications due to its unique combination of physical, mechanical, and chemical properties that make it ideal for harsh marine environments.
This high-strength wrought cupro-nickel offers an exceptional combination of corrosion resistance, strength, and hardness. It offers remarkable wear resistance, low magnetic permeability, and excellent resistance to galling with stainless steel. Additionally, it is highly resistant to marine growth (biofouling) and unaffected by hydrogen embrittlement, making it highly reliable in even the harshest marine environments.
T1000E is ideal for applications that demand extreme strength, high hardness, and excellent corrosion resistance, along with low magnetic permeability and anti-galling properties against stainless steel.
T1000E is commonly used in valve and pump bodies, including internal components such as stems, shafts, balls, and seals, as well as actuators, pressure housings, clamps, fasteners, bushings, bearings, and sonar equipment. Its resistance to biofouling, preventing marine growth, is another key advantage.
In the aerospace industry, T1000E is utilised in components like landing gear bushings, sleeves, high-stress aero frame parts, and refuelling connectors (due to its non-sparking properties).
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